{"id":538,"date":"2026-08-15T18:29:36","date_gmt":"2026-08-15T18:29:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/?p=538"},"modified":"2026-08-15T18:35:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-15T18:35:50","slug":"saadan-resetter-du-en-cisco-catalyst-3560-fra-ubuntu-med-minicom","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/?p=538","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e5dan resetter du en Cisco Catalyst 3560 fra Ubuntu med Minicom"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jeg fik en Cisco Catelyst 3560 af en kunde&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/switches\/catalyst-3560-cx-series-switches\/series.html\">https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/switches\/catalyst-3560-cx-series-switches\/series.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Har du f\u00e5et fat i en \u00e6ldre <strong>Cisco Catalyst 3560<\/strong>, som du gerne vil starte helt forfra med? S\u00e5 er det heldigvis forholdsvis enkelt at nulstille switchen via console-porten.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I denne guide gennemg\u00e5r jeg hele processen fra <strong>Ubuntu og Minicom<\/strong>, over reset af switchen, til den efterf\u00f8lgende konfiguration af en management-IP.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Guiden tager udgangspunkt i en Cisco Catalyst 3560 og en USB-to-serial\/console-forbindelse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vigtigt:<\/strong> Et reset sletter den eksisterende konfiguration og VLAN-database. Brug derfor ikke denne procedure p\u00e5 en switch, hvor konfigurationen skal bevares.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Det skal du bruge<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du skal bruge:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En Cisco Catalyst 3560<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Et console-kabel<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>En Ubuntu-computer<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Minicom<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Adgang til switchens console-port<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Str\u00f8m til switchen<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Jeg bruger i eksemplet en USB-to-serial-adapter, som Ubuntu registrerer som <code>\/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Din adapter kan dog f\u00e5 et andet navn, f.eks. <code>\/dev\/ttyUSB1<\/code> eller <code>\/dev\/ttyACM0<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. Installer Minicom p\u00e5 Ubuntu<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis Minicom ikke allerede er installeret, kan det installeres med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo apt update\nsudo apt install minicom\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r installationen er f\u00e6rdig, skal vi finde den serielle port.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tilslut console-kablet til Ubuntu-maskinen og k\u00f8r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls \/dev\/ttyUSB*\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan ogs\u00e5 pr\u00f8ve:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls \/dev\/ttyACM*\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du eksempelvis f\u00e5r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>\/dev\/ttyUSB0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">er det den port, vi skal bruge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. Start Minicom<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Den nemmeste m\u00e5de at starte Minicom p\u00e5 er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo minicom -D \/dev\/ttyUSB0 -b 9600\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her betyder:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-D \/dev\/ttyUSB0<\/code> \u2014 den serielle port, der skal bruges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-b 9600<\/code> \u2014 baud rate p\u00e5 9600<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cisco&#8217;s console-forbindelse bruger normalt <strong>9600 baud, 8 data bits, no parity og 1 stop bit<\/strong>, alts\u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>9600 8N1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du hellere vil konfigurere Minicom gennem menuen, kan du starte:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo minicom -s\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V\u00e6lg derefter:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Serial port setup\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">og kontroll\u00e9r, at indstillingerne er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Speed:      9600\nData bits:  8\nParity:     None\nStop bits:  1\nFlow ctrl:  None\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">S\u00f8rg is\u00e6r for, at <strong>hardware flow control er sl\u00e5et fra<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. Hvis Ubuntu n\u00e6gter adgang til den serielle port<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis Minicom giver en fejl som:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cannot open \/dev\/ttyUSB0: Permission denied\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">kan det skyldes, at din bruger ikke har adgang til den serielle port.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e5 Ubuntu er det normalt <code>dialout<\/code>-gruppen, der styrer adgangen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f8r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo usermod -aG dialout $USER\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Log derefter ud og ind igen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan kontrollere dine grupper med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>groups\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her b\u00f8r <code>dialout<\/code> fremg\u00e5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Som en hurtig test kan du ogs\u00e5 starte Minicom med <code>sudo<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo minicom -D \/dev\/ttyUSB0 -b 9600\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. Tilslut til Cisco Catalyst 3560<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tilslut console-kablet mellem Ubuntu-computeren og <strong>CONSOLE-porten<\/strong> p\u00e5 Cisco 3560.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Start Minicom, og t\u00e6nd derefter switchen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis switchen allerede er startet, kan du trykke:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Enter\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">for at f\u00e5 en prompt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En normal Cisco CLI-prompt kan eksempelvis se s\u00e5dan ud:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r vi skal lave et komplet reset, skal vi dog have switchen startet i bootloaderen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. Start switchen i bootloaderen<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Sluk switchen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hold <strong>Mode-knappen<\/strong> p\u00e5 forsiden af Cisco 3560 inde.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Mens du holder knappen inde, t\u00e6nder du switchen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bliv ved med at holde knappen inde, indtil switchen stopper i bootloaderen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du skulle gerne ende ved en prompt, der ligner:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu befinder vi os ikke l\u00e6ngere i den normale Cisco IOS CLI. Vi arbejder i stedet i switchens bootloader.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. Initialiser flash<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det f\u00f8rste vi g\u00f8r, er at initialisere switchens flash:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: flash_init\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">P\u00e5 nogle \u00e6ldre Catalyst 3560\/IOS-versioner anvendes ogs\u00e5:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: load_helper\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan derefter kontrollere indholdet af flash:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: dir flash:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her vil du typisk kunne finde blandt andet:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>config.text\nvlan.dat\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De to filer er interessante, hvis m\u00e5let er at f\u00e5 switchen tilbage til en ren konfiguration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. Slet den gamle konfiguration<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Den gemte konfiguration ligger i <code>config.text<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Slet den med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: delete flash:config.text\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Switchens bootloader vil typisk bede om bekr\u00e6ftelse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Svar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>y\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Derefter sletter vi VLAN-databasen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: delete flash:vlan.dat\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bekr\u00e6ft igen med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>y\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Hvorfor skal begge filer slettes?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>config.text<\/code> indeholder switchens gemte konfiguration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><code>vlan.dat<\/code> indeholder VLAN-databasen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du kun sletter konfigurationen, kan VLAN-oplysninger derfor stadig v\u00e6re tilbage efter genstart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis m\u00e5let er et s\u00e5 rent reset som muligt, er det derfor en god id\u00e9 at h\u00e5ndtere begge filer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. Boot switchen<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r filerne er slettet, kan switchen startes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: boot\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cisco IOS bliver nu indl\u00e6st fra flash.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afh\u00e6ngigt af IOS-version og hardware kan bootprocessen tage lidt tid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r switchen er startet, vil du typisk ende ved:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. Spring initial configuration over<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efter reset kan Cisco sp\u00f8rge:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? &#91;yes\/no]:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du selv vil konfigurere switchen manuelt, svarer du:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>no\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan derefter trykke Enter, hvis switchen beder om det.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du b\u00f8r nu have:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. G\u00e5 i privileged EXEC mode<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Skriv:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt; enable\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du f\u00e5r nu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch#\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Herfra kan vi konfigurere switchen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. Kontroller at den gamle konfiguration er v\u00e6k<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det kan v\u00e6re en god id\u00e9 at kontrollere switchens konfiguration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show running-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan ogs\u00e5 kontrollere startup-konfigurationen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show startup-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efter et korrekt reset b\u00f8r den gamle konfiguration ikke l\u00e6ngere v\u00e6re til stede.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du vil v\u00e6re ekstra sikker, kan du ogs\u00e5 k\u00f8re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# write erase\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">eller p\u00e5 IOS-versioner, hvor den foretrukne kommando er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# erase startup-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dette trin er i praksis redundant, hvis <code>config.text<\/code> allerede er slettet fra bootloaderen, men det kan bruges som en ekstra kontrol.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. Konfigurer en management-IP<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu hvor switchen er nulstillet, kan vi give den en IP-adresse, s\u00e5 den kan administreres over netv\u00e6rket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I dette eksempel bruger vi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th>Indstilling<\/th><th>V\u00e6rdi<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>Management VLAN<\/td><td>VLAN 1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>IP-adresse<\/td><td><code>192.168.1.10<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Subnetmaske<\/td><td><code>255.255.255.0<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Default gateway<\/td><td><code>192.168.1.1<\/code><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Start med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# configure terminal\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">G\u00e5 derefter ind p\u00e5 VLAN 1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config)# interface vlan 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tildel IP-adressen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Aktiv\u00e9r interfacet:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config-if)# no shutdown\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afslut interface-konfigurationen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config-if)# exit\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konfigurer default gateway:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Afslut configuration mode:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch(config)# end\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13. Kontroller VLAN 1<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Nu kan vi kontrollere, om management-interfacet er oppe:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show interfaces vlan 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du vil gerne se noget i retning af:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Vlan1 is up, line protocol is up\n  Internet address is 192.168.1.10\/24\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det interessante er is\u00e6r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Vlan1 is up, line protocol is up\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis der st\u00e5r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Vlan1 is administratively down\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">skal interfacet aktiveres:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# configure terminal\nSwitch(config)# interface vlan 1\nSwitch(config-if)# no shutdown\nSwitch(config-if)# end\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14. Hvis VLAN 1 stadig er down<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det er vigtigt at forst\u00e5, at <code>no shutdown<\/code> alene ikke n\u00f8dvendigvis f\u00e5r et SVI til at komme op.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Der skal normalt ogs\u00e5 v\u00e6re mindst \u00e9n aktiv fysisk switchport i det p\u00e5g\u00e6ldende VLAN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan eksempelvis kontrollere switchportene med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show interfaces status\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">eller:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show vlan brief\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis en port er tilsluttet en computer eller anden aktiv netv\u00e6rksenhed og befinder sig i VLAN 1, kan SVI&#8217;en komme op.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15. Test forbindelsen<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis din computer befinder sig p\u00e5 samme netv\u00e6rk som switchen, kan du nu teste forbindelsen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Fra Ubuntu:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ping 192.168.1.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis alt er korrekt konfigureret, b\u00f8r du f\u00e5 svar:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>64 bytes from 192.168.1.10: icmp_seq=1 ttl=255 time=...\n64 bytes from 192.168.1.10: icmp_seq=2 ttl=255 time=...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Herefter har du grundl\u00e6ggende netv\u00e6rksforbindelse til switchens management-interface.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16. Gem konfigurationen<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det sidste \u2014 og meget vigtige \u2014 trin er at gemme konfigurationen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f8r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# copy running-config startup-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du bliver typisk spurgt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Destination filename &#91;startup-config]?\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tryk bare:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Enter\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du b\u00f8r derefter se:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Building configuration...\n&#91;OK]\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Konfigurationen er nu gemt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du genstarter switchen, vil den derfor beholde management-IP&#8217;en.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">17. Genstart og test<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du vil kontrollere, at konfigurationen rent faktisk er gemt, kan du genstarte switchen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# reload\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Switchens CLI sp\u00f8rger typisk om bekr\u00e6ftelse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r switchen starter igen, b\u00f8r management-IP&#8217;en stadig v\u00e6re:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>192.168.1.10\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan kontrollere den med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show interfaces vlan 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Den komplette reset-procedure<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du bare vil have den korte version, er bootloader-delen:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: flash_init\nswitch: load_helper\nswitch: dir flash:\nswitch: delete flash:config.text\nswitch: delete flash:vlan.dat\nswitch: boot\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Efter boot:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt; enable\nSwitch# write erase\nSwitch# reload\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r du bliver spurgt:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Would you like to enter the initial configuration dialog? &#91;yes\/no]:\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">svarer du:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>no\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Den komplette management-konfiguration<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Eksempel med <code>192.168.1.10\/24<\/code> og gateway <code>192.168.1.1<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch&gt; enable\nSwitch# configure terminal\n\nSwitch(config)# interface vlan 1\nSwitch(config-if)# ip address 192.168.1.10 255.255.255.0\nSwitch(config-if)# no shutdown\nSwitch(config-if)# exit\n\nSwitch(config)# ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1\n\nSwitch(config)# end\n\nSwitch# show interfaces vlan 1\nSwitch# copy running-config startup-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Praktiske Minicom-kommandoer<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r du arbejder med Minicom, kan det ogs\u00e5 v\u00e6re nyttigt at kende de vigtigste genveje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Minicoms kommandoer startes normalt med <strong>Ctrl+A<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du eksempelvis vil afslutte Minicom, kan du bruge:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Ctrl+A\nX\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan ogs\u00e5 \u00e5bne Minicoms hj\u00e6lp med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Ctrl+A\nZ\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Her f\u00e5r du vist de tilg\u00e6ngelige genveje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Hvis du har flere serielle enheder tilsluttet Ubuntu-maskinen, kan du altid kontrollere porte med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls \/dev\/ttyUSB*\nls \/dev\/ttyACM*\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Fejlfinding<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jeg f\u00e5r ingen output i Minicom<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroller f\u00f8rst, at du bruger den rigtige serielle port:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ls \/dev\/ttyUSB*\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroller derefter Minicom-indstillingerne:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>9600 baud\n8 data bits\nNo parity\n1 stop bit\nNo flow control\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroller ogs\u00e5, at console-kablet sidder i <strong>CONSOLE<\/strong>-porten og ikke i en almindelig Ethernet-port.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jeg f\u00e5r m\u00e6rkelige tegn i terminalen<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Det skyldes ofte forkerte serial-indstillinger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroll\u00e9r is\u00e6r baud rate og flow control.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00f8v:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>9600 8N1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">og s\u00f8rg for, at hardware flow control er deaktiveret.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><code>Vlan1 is down<\/code><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f8r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show interfaces vlan 1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">og:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show vlan brief\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroll\u00e9r derefter, at mindst \u00e9n relevant fysisk port er aktiv og befinder sig i VLAN 1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Du kan ogs\u00e5 kontrollere portenes status med:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show interfaces status\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Jeg kan pinge switchen lokalt, men ikke fra et andet netv\u00e6rk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kontroll\u00e9r default gateway:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# show running-config | include default-gateway\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Den skal eksempelvis vise:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ip default-gateway 192.168.1.1\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Husk ogs\u00e5, at computeren skal v\u00e6re konfigureret p\u00e5 et netv\u00e6rk, der kan n\u00e5 <code>192.168.1.0\/24<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Konklusion<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En Cisco Catalyst 3560 kan stadig v\u00e6re ganske nyttig til lab, undervisning og netv\u00e6rkstr\u00e6ning, selvom den er en \u00e6ldre switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Med en Ubuntu-computer, Minicom og et console-kabel kan du relativt nemt f\u00e5 adgang til switchen og nulstille den.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Den vigtigste del af reset-proceduren er:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>switch: flash_init\nswitch: load_helper\nswitch: delete flash:config.text\nswitch: delete flash:vlan.dat\nswitch: boot\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e5r switchen er startet op igen, kan du konfigurere den efter behov. I denne guide har vi brugt VLAN 1 som management-interface og givet switchen IP-adressen <code>192.168.1.10<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Til sidst skal du huske:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Switch# copy running-config startup-config\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ellers risikerer du at miste konfigurationen igen ved n\u00e6ste genstart.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Bem\u00e6rk:<\/strong> Kommandoer og bootloader-adf\u00e6rd kan variere lidt afh\u00e6ngigt af den konkrete Catalyst 3560-model og IOS-version. Hvis en kommando ikke accepteres, b\u00f8r du kontrollere den aktuelle IOS\/bootloader-dokumentation for netop din switch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kilde : <a href=\"https:\/\/techblog.glendaleacademy.org\/cisco\/resetting-catalyst-3560-to-defaults\">https:\/\/techblog.glendaleacademy.org\/cisco\/resetting-catalyst-3560-to-defaults<\/a><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jeg fik en Cisco Catelyst 3560 af en kunde&#8230; https:\/\/www.cisco.com\/c\/en\/us\/support\/switches\/catalyst-3560-cx-series-switches\/series.html Har du f\u00e5et fat i en \u00e6ldre Cisco Catalyst 3560, som du gerne vil starte helt forfra med? S\u00e5 er det heldigvis forholdsvis enkelt at nulstille switchen via console-porten. I denne guide gennemg\u00e5r jeg hele processen fra Ubuntu og Minicom, over reset af switchen, til &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/?p=538\" class=\"more-link\">L\u00e6s videre<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;S\u00e5dan resetter du en Cisco Catalyst 3560 fra Ubuntu med Minicom&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"S\u00e5dan resetter du en Cisco Catalyst 3560 fra Ubuntu med Minicom","jetpack_seo_html_title":"S\u00e5dan resetter du en Cisco Catalyst 3560 fra Ubuntu med Minicom","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_seo_schema_type":"","_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[12,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-538","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-homelab","category-noerd-og-hakkeri"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack-related-posts":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/pdfM7C-8G","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/538","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=538"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/538\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":542,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/538\/revisions\/542"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=538"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=538"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/deadmeat.dk\/blog\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=538"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}